Unreal Past II

Unreal Past II.

Express imaginary situations that were actually not true in the past.

Structure:

If+had+past participle,might/could/would+have+past participle

Here is a video that can help you to understand better:

Examples:

If I had born in Alaska, I would have been happier.

If I had been a pirate in 793, I would have stolen treasures.

Unreal Past I

Unreal Past I

Is use to express imaginary situatuions in the present or future.

Structure:
If+subject+verb past simple,subject+would/could/might+base form verb

Examples:
A: I love to eat Cheetos, I can't stop they just taste delicious!
B: If you ate healthier, you would be thinner.

A: Which type of pizza should I choose?

B: If I were you, I would choose the one with pepperonies.

Gerunds

Gerunds

Structure:

verb+ing verb

Examples:

When you go fishing with your cat, you have a great time!

She imagined seeing an unicorn.

List of verbs most commonly used:

• Admit
• Avoid
• Consider
• Defend
• Deny
• Dislike
• Enjoy
• Finish
• Go
• Imagine
• Involve
• Miss
• Omit
• Regret
• Resist
• Suggest
• Understand

Also verbs followed by a preposition use gerunds:

Agree on, Apologize for, Argue about, Believe in, Complain about, Consist of, Decide on, Depend on, Forgive for...

Here is a link of a page that might help you: http://www.english-at-home.com/grammar/how-to-use-gerunds/

Infinitives

Infinitives.

Structure:

Verb+to+base form verb

Examples:

A: I have two tickets for the NBA's game, it's tomorrow. Will you come with me?

B: My cat needs to take a bath, so I'll be busy tomorrow. Maybe next time!

A: I would love to eat that cotton candy but my doctor adviced me to eat less sugar.

B: But, if you aren't allowed to eat sugar, why did you eat all my gummy bears?

Most common verbs that use infinitives:

Verb+infinitive                                Verb+object+infinitive

Agree                                                    Advice

Appear                                                  Command

Decide                                                   Get

Demand                                                 Invite

Manage                                                 Order

Plan                                                       Persuade

Pretend                                                 Remind

Refuse                                                  Tell

Seem                                                     Trust

Swear                                                    Warn

Here is a video that may help you to understand infinitives:

 Passive Voice.

The passive voice is used to emphasize an action rather than who or what is responsible for it.

Estructure:

Active Voice.                                          Passive Voice.

William eats cauliflower everyday.                                           Cauliflower is eaten everyday by William.

subject+verb+object                                object+verb be+past participle+(by agent)

                                                                           *the "by agent" can be omitted.

Examples:

How to conjugate the verb be in Passive Voice:

Present Simple: 

                                              is/are/am+past participle

Past Simple:

                                              was/were+past participle

Present Perfect Simple: 

                                               has/have+been+past participle

Past Perfect Simple: 

                                               had+been+past participle

Future will: 

                                               will be+past participle

Going to: 

                                               is/are/am+goint to be+past participle

Future Perfect Simple: 

                                               will+have/has+been+past participle

Present Infinitive:

                                               verb to+be+past participle

Modal Verb: 

                                               modal+be+past participle

Present Progressive:

                                               is/are+being+past participle

Past Progressive:

                                                was/were+being+past participle

-ing form:

                                                verb+being+past partciple